Roof



Oct. 30, 1934. G A HOLMAN 1,978,841

ROOF

Filed Dec. 3, 1952 Patented Oct. 30, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE4Claims.

This invention relates to roots, and more particularly to a roofingshingle of improved shape and the manner of laying such shingles toafford coverage of either single or double thick- 5 ness.

While the shingles herein described may be formed individually of anysuitable roofing material such as wood, slate, fiber, tile or the like,they are preferably cut from sheet roofing ma- VDterial such as asphaltroll roofing, asbestos roofing, or that known generally as artificialroofing.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a shingle which may becut from stock material with minimum or no waste and of such shape as tofacilitate their disposition in such overlapping relation :as willinsure tight joints, and'their attachment with increased security.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved manner ofdisposing roofing shin gles, relative to each other and securing them inadjusted relation, to afford a leak tight rooi which will not curl norbuckle and which the wind cannot blow up.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle which will beinexpensive and which can be cut by the workman from standard roll orsheet roofing, thereby minimizing cost of production.

A further object is to afford a shingle and manner of laying the same inseries which will afford a roof of pleasing appearance.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle shaped toreceive a marginal fasten.- ing clip in such relation that the shingleis held against lateral displacement.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle of improvedshape and a roof structure composed of such shingles embodying theseveral features of merit and advantage as herein set forth.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view, as willmore fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of thefeatures of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and themode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described andset forth in the claims.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a roof comprising a pluralityof overlapping shingles, arranged in succeeding tiers to afford a roofof single coverage, embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a similarview of a plurality of shingles of larger size disposed in doublecoverage rela- 55 tionship. Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating thesystematic cutting of a stock sheet of material into a succession ofshingles without waste. Fig.

4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating the cutting of shingles oflarger size for double coverage. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional viewillustrating the application of a marginal anchor clip.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughoutthe several views.

The present shingles 1-1, which are preferably cut from stock sheet 2 ofroofing material, each comprise a substantially rectangular section,having in one corner thereof an angular cutout or reentrant notch 3 andprojecting from the opposite margin of the shingle in transversealinement with the corner cutout or notch 3 is a marginally projectingtab or tongue 4; The cutout 3 and tab or tongue 4 are of substantiallyidentical shape and proportions. In fact in the processof manufacture ofsuccessive shingles 1 from a stock sheet 2, the material removed in theformation of the cutout 3 of one shingle comprises the tab or tongue 4of a succeeding shingle of a series. as is well illustrated in Figs. 3and 4. The difference between single and double coverage shingles ismerely that the single coverage shingles are square, while the doublecoverage shingles are oblong.-

For illustrative purpose, and with no intent to limit the invention toshingles of any particular proportions or size, 'it may be stated thatthe popular sizes of single coverage shingles, shown'in Figs. 1 and 3,are twelve inches square and sixteen inches square, whereas the popularsizes of double coverage shingles, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, are twelveinches wide and twenty inches long, and also sixteen inches wide andtwentyeight inches long. The cutouts 3 and tabs or tongues 4 in eachinstance are usually two and a half inches square.

In laying the shingles into a roof they are diagonally disposed inoverlapping tiers with the terminal margin 5 of one shingle intersectingthe lateral margin 6 of an adjacent shingle, thus forming a reentrantright angle 7. The shingles of each tier are secured in such diagonallydisposed relation by nails 8 located in the corners of the shinglesopposite the cutouts and tabs respectively. Theshingles of eachsucceeding tier are disposed in like relation but staggered relative tothose of the preceding tier and arranged with the corner cutout or notch'3 of each shingle in registry with the angle 7 formed by the-margins oftwo underlying shingles. In such position the attachment nails 8 of eachshingle are covered and concealed by the overlapping shingle 110 of thesucceeding tier. Likewise the cutout of the overlying shingle isdisposed in symmetrical diagonally ofiset relation with the tab ortongue 4 of'the underlying shingle of the preceding tier, as isillustrated in Fig. 1. The shingles will securely retain theirrespective positions without other fastening means, particularly if anadditional nail be driven through the tab 4 of each shinge or in closeproximity thereto. However, for added security, marginal anchor clips 10are employed. Such clips are preferably of sub-' stantially U-shapeembracing the margins of the overlapping shingles within the registeringangles 3 and. 7, with the under arm of the U-shaped clip attached totheroof structure beneath the. shingles and with the .outer arm thereofoveil;1 lapping the uppermost shingle coincident wi the angle of thecutout 3. A typical anchor device eminently suitable for this purpose isdisclosed in United States Patent, No. 1,825,732 of October 6, 1931.

The. shingles of .double coverage size are laid in like manner, butbeing longer, each shingle not only overlaps the shingles of thepreceding tier, but extends into limited overlapping relation with ashingle of the second preceding tier as is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4.Such double coverage shingles are likewise disposed in angular ordiagonal relation with the cutout 3 of each shingle substantially inregistry with the angle 7 formed by the margins of two shingles of thepreceding tier, and are secured in like manner by the nails 8 and anchorclips 10.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thusprovided a device of the character described possessing the particularfeatures of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but whichobviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions,detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from theprinciple involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute, the invention has beendescribed in language more or less specific as to structural features,it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificfeatures shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosedcomprise the preferred form oi. several modes of putting the inventioninto effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its formsor modifications within the legitimate and valid scope-oi the appendedclaims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A roof section including a succession of substantially rectangularshingles diagonally disposed in overlapping tiers with the terminalmargin of one shingle intersecting the side margin of a succeedingshingle and forming substantially a right angle therewith, each shinglehaving in its overlapping portion a substantially right angle cornernotch, a tab extension projecting from the underlying portion of eachshingle in opposite aligned relation with the corner notch thereof andof substantially identical size and shape, the shingles of succeedingtiers being staggered with their comer notches in registry with theangles formed by the intersecting margins of underlying shingles of apreceding tier, and in diagonally offset parallel relation with. theextension tabs of said underlyingshingles,

2. A succession of substantially rectangular shingles diagonallydisposed in superposed overlapping tiers, the shingles of each tierbeing arranged with the terminal margin of each shingle intersecting thelateral margin of an adjacent shingle in substantially right anglerelation, reach jecting tab disposedopposite the notchnf each {1?shingle, said shingles being diagonally disposed 1 side by side inoverlapping tiers with the terminal margin of each shingle intersectingin right angle relation the side margin of an adjacent shingle, -theshingles of each overlying tier being disposed in like manner but instaggered relation to those of the preceding tier and with their cornernotches in registry with the angular intersection of theterminal andside margins of shingles of such preceding tier and with these tabs, andattachment means for securing the shingles in such overlapping relation.

4. A roofing section comprising a succession of substantiallyrectangular shingles diagonally disposed in overlapping tiers, eachshingle having a corner cutout in its overlying portion and a marginaltab extension on its underlying portion, such comer cutout of anoverlapping shingle and the tab extension of an underlying shingle beingdis-

